Northern Vietnam Itinerary – A Guide to the Best Destinations and Routes
Northern Vietnam is a treasure trove of stunning landscapes and rich culture. A well-crafted Northern Vietnam itinerary takes you from the emerald waters of Ha Long Bay to the misty mountains of Sapa and many other perfect sites for adventurers seeking natural beauty and cultural immersion. Whether it’s trekking, cruising, or savoring local pho, Northern Vietnam offers experiences you’ll never forget. Read on to craft your dream journey.
Destination Highlights In Northern Vietnam That You Cannot Miss
Northern Vietnam offers a dazzling mix of culture, nature, and adventure. Whether you’re exploring bustling cities, serene bays, or scenic mountain loops, this region has something for everyone. Here are the top destinations you must include in your northern Vietnam itinerary.
Hanoi: The Heart of Vietnam’s Culture
Vietnam’s capital is a city that balances old-world charm with modern-day vibrancy. The Old Quarter, with its 36 bustling streets, is a maze of shops, street food stalls, and cafes, perfect for an afternoon stroll. A must-see is Hoan Kiem Lake, where locals practice tai chi at dawn, and the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, where you can pay respects to Vietnam’s revolutionary leader.
Top activities:
- Visit Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, a tribute to the founder of modern Vietnam.
- Explore The Temple of Literature, the oldest university in Vietnam, founded in 1070.
- Take a cyclo ride through the French Quarter, admiring the colonial architecture.
- Taste pho at Pho 10, one of Hanoi’s best pho spots.
- End the day with a water puppet show at Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre, a unique Vietnamese cultural experience.
Fun fact: Hanoi has 12 museums, including the Vietnam Fine Arts Museum and Museum of Ethnology, which showcases the history and traditions of Vietnam’s 54 ethnic groups.
>> Read more: How to Make the Most of One Week in Hanoi: A Complete Itinerary
Sapa & The Northwest: A Trekker’s Paradise
Sapa, located 350 km from Hanoi in the Lao Cai Province, is one of Vietnam’s most famous destinations for trekking and cultural immersion. The region is home to scenic rice terraces, ethnic minority villages, and the towering Fansipan Mountain, the highest peak in Vietnam at 3,143 meters (10,312 feet). Sapa’s lush green valleys and mist-covered mountains create an otherworldly atmosphere.
Top activities:
- Trekking to Fansipan: A 2-day trek or cable car ride takes you to the summit for a panoramic view of the region.
- Visit Cat Cat Village, home to the H’mong people, known for their traditional houses and handicrafts.
- Experience a homestay with local families to learn about their lifestyle and customs.
- Explore Silver Waterfall and Heaven’s Gate for stunning mountain views.
Travel tip: To reach Sapa, take an overnight train or bus from Hanoi. The bus journey takes about 5-6 hours, while the train is a bit longer but offers a more scenic route.
Hanoi offers vibrant culture, while Sapa enchants with stunning landscapes and ethnic diversity.
Halong Bay & Cat Ba Island: A World-Class Seascape
Known as Vietnam’s most famous natural wonder, Halong Bay owns 1,969 limestone islands and emerald waters. Take a cruise to explore caves, floating villages, and islands, and enjoy kayaking in the crystal-clear waters. Halong Bay is also home to around 14 floating villages where fishermen live, working on the water year-round. You can visit these villages during your cruise.
For more adventure, head to Cat Ba Island, which is part of Cat Ba National Park, offering hiking, rock climbing, and a more tranquil beach experience.
Top activities:
- Take a 2-day Halong Bay cruise: Explore caves, go swimming, and visit Sung Sot Cave, one of the largest caves in the bay.
- Kayak around Cat Ba Island: Paddle through pristine waters to discover secluded beaches and quiet coves.
- Rock climbing in Cat Ba: With cliffs offering views over the bay, it’s a thrilling activity for climbers of all levels.
- Visit Lan Ha Bay, a more serene alternative to Halong Bay, with fewer tourists but equally stunning views.
Ha Giang: Vietnam’s Best Motorbike Loop
Located in Vietnam’s far north, this hidden gem is famous for its motorbike loop, offering some of the most breathtaking and remote landscapes in the country. The Dong Van Karst Plateau, a UNESCO Global Geopark, is famous for its dramatic, jagged limestone peaks. It’s one of the most scenic motorbike routes in the world, attracting riders from across the globe.
Top activities:
- Ride the Ha Giang Loop: A 3-4 day motorbike trip covering over 300 kilometers, with highlights like the Ma Pi Leng Pass, offering some of the most spectacular mountain views in Vietnam.
- Explore Dong Van for its ancient markets and traditional architecture.
- Visit the Meo Vac Market on Sundays, where local ethnic groups come to sell goods and mingle.
- Stop at Nho Que River for a peaceful boat ride through lush valleys.
Tip: Rent a motorbike in Ha Giang City, and always carry a map or download a local GPS app. The road can be challenging, so it’s best for experienced riders.
Ninh Binh: Vietnam’s Hidden Treasure
With its limestone karsts rising from the rice paddies and winding rivers, Ninh Binh offers a serene landscape perfect for a relaxing getaway. Tam Coc, known for its riverboat rides through rice fields, is a must-see, as is Trang An, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, famous for its caves and temples. Ninh Binh is home to the Bich Dong Pagoda, a pagodas complex built into a mountain’s side. It’s a peaceful spot for reflection and photography.
Top activities:
- Row a boat through Tam Coc to see the stunning karsts up close.
- Visit Hoa Lu, the ancient capital of Vietnam, which dates back to the 10th century.
- Hike to Mua Cave for a 360-degree view of Ninh Binh’s lush landscape.
- Explore Trang An by boat and wander through caves and temples.
Ha Long boasts stunning bays, Ha Giang amazes with rugged mountains, and Ninh Binh charms with serene rivers.
Top Recommended Northern Vietnam Itinerary For Travelers
Route 1: Scenic Northern Vietnam
- Hanoi – Mai Chau – Ninh Binh – Ha Long Bay – Hanoi
- Best for: Couples, friends, and families seeking a blend of adventure, culture, and relaxation.
Day 1-2: Hanoi – Mai Chau
Your journey begins with your arrival at Noi Bai International Airport, where your private guide and driver will meet you for a scenic drive to Mai Chau. Nestled amidst lush mountains, this authentic hill tribe region is the perfect retreat. After checking into your hotel and enjoying a relaxing lunch, explore the local villages on foot, meet the White Thai people, and learn about their agricultural lifestyle. In the evening, enjoy a traditional home-hosted dinner, followed by an optional cultural dance show. Complete your day with a soothing Thai massage to unwind.
The next morning, after a hearty breakfast, depart Mai Chau and travel to Ninh Binh. Here, embark on a rowing boat journey through the serene Trang An Complex. Marvel at the limestone karsts, tranquil waterways, and rich biodiversity as you glide through its caves. After lunch, visit Hoa Lu, Vietnam’s ancient capital, where you can explore the historic temples of King Dinh and King Le.
Day 3-4: Ninh Binh – Xuan Thuy National Park – Ha Long Bay
Start your day with a visit to the Co Le Pagoda, a historic site known for its unique architecture and Vietnam’s largest bell. Continue to Xuan Thuy National Park, a Ramsar-listed wetland renowned for its ecological importance. Enjoy a boat trip through the park’s waterways, taking in the tranquil scenery and vibrant birdlife. After a fresh seafood lunch at a clam hut, head to your homestay or hotel in Nam Dinh for an evening of rest.
On Day 4, head to the famed Ha Long Bay. Board your cruise and set sail into the emerald waters, where you’ll enjoy a sumptuous lunch onboard. Explore Surprising Cave and take in panoramic views of the bay from its peak. Unwind with optional spa services or a refreshing swim in a secluded lagoon. As evening falls, relish a Vietnamese dinner on the sundeck and watch the sunset over the dramatic limestone islands.
Day 5-7: Ha Long Bay – Yen Duc Village – Hanoi
Wake up to a Tai Chi session on the cruise’s sundeck before a delicious breakfast. Explore a floating fishing village by kayak or bamboo boat, then participate in a cooking class to learn how to make Vietnamese spring rolls. After disembarking, stop by Yen Duc Village on your way to Hanoi for a delightful water puppet show and local snacks.
In Hanoi, embark on a guided food tour through the Old Quarter, sampling iconic street foods like banh cuon, bun cha, and the famous egg coffee. The following day, dive into the city’s rich history with visits to landmarks like the Temple of Literature and Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum. Spend your afternoon shopping in Hanoi’s bustling markets or AEON Mall, then cap off your adventure with a traditional Vietnamese massage.
On your final day, enjoy free time at your leisure before transferring to the airport for your departure.
The scenic Northern Vietnam route offers breathtaking landscapes from Hanoi to Ha Long Bay.
>> See tour: Scenic Northern Vietnam Tour 7 Days
Route 2: Discover The Northeast Highland
- Hanoi – Bac Ha – Ha Giang – Cao Bang – Ba Be National Park
- Best for: Travelers seeking a mix of cultural immersion, breathtaking natural scenery, and opportunities to interact with Vietnam’s diverse ethnic groups. Perfect for those who enjoy scenic drives, light hiking, and unique local experiences.
Days 1-2: Arrival in Hanoi & Countryside Adventure
Upon landing, you’ll be greeted by your guide and transferred to your hotel in the vibrant Old Quarter. After check-in, unwind and acclimate to the city’s lively pace. In the evening, enjoy a group dinner at KOTO restaurant, known for empowering underprivileged youth.
The next day, venture to the serene countryside of Hung Yen village. Visit a charming ancient wooden house, interact with local families, and shop at a bustling village market. Later, learn to prepare Vietnamese delicacies before enjoying a traditional lunch. On your way back to Hanoi, stop by Bat Trang ceramic village to marvel at its age-old artistry.
Days 3-4: Bac Ha & Ha Giang Journey
Leave Hanoi behind and embark on a scenic drive to Bac Ha, a mountainous haven famous for its Sunday market. On the way, enjoy a riverboat ride along the Chay River, visit Fairy Cave, and lunch with a local family. Stay overnight at a cozy homestay, where you’ll immerse yourself in the vibrant culture of the Hmong people.
After exploring Bac Ha’s colorful market, continue to Ha Giang. Along the way, take in stunning landscapes filled with rice terraces and waterfalls. Upon arrival, relax at an eco-lodge nestled near a Tay Hill Tribe village.
Days 5-7: Ha Giang Loop Adventure
Experience the breathtaking beauty of northern Vietnam’s Ha Giang region. Begin with a drive through Quan Ba’s “Heaven’s Gate,” offering panoramic views of terraced fields. Stop in Lung Tam village to learn about Hmong handicrafts, then head to Yen Minh for a peaceful evening.
From there, journey to Lung Cu, the northernmost point of Vietnam, and mingle with the local Hoa ethnic group. Continue to Dong Van Geopark, with its dramatic karst formations, and visit the historic Vuong Palace. Drive over the epic Ma Pi Leng Pass to Meo Vac, soaking in views of the Nho Que River below.
Days 8-9: Cao Bang & Ban Gioc Waterfall
Set out for Cao Bang, with stops along the way to capture northern Vietnam’s spectacular scenery. Explore Ban Gioc Waterfall, a natural marvel marking the border with China. Nearby, Nguom Ngao Cave showcases mesmerizing limestone formations. Return to Cao Bang to relax and reflect on the day’s wonders.
Days 10-11: Ba Be National Park Exploration
On the road to Ba Be Lake, visit Pac Bo Cave, where Ho Chi Minh launched the independence movement. After arriving at the national park, stay with a Tay family in a traditional homestay.
Enjoy a boat ride on Ba Be Lake the following day, surrounded by pristine limestone peaks and lush forests. Visit Dau Dang Waterfall and Puong Cave before returning to Hanoi via the Museum of Ethnology in Thai Nguyen.
Day 12: Farewell Hanoi
Spend your final morning at leisure before your guide escorts you to the airport. Reflect on your incredible journey through Vietnam’s northern treasures as you prepare to depart.
Discover the Northeast Highland route, showcasing stunning landscapes from Hanoi to Ba Be National Park.
>> See tour: Discover Ha Giang Tour and the Far North
Route 3: Explore The Northwest Loop
- Hanoi – Mai Chau – Son La – Dien Bien Phu – Lai Chau – Sapa – Bac Ha – Mu Cang Chai – Nghia Lo
- Best for: Travelers eager to explore Vietnam’s mountainous terrain, ethnic diversity, rich history, and stunning landscapes. Ideal for those who love scenic drives, cultural immersion, and hiking.
Days 1-2: Arrival in Hanoi & Mai Chau
Upon your arrival in Hanoi, your guide will greet you and transfer you to your hotel in the vibrant Old Quarter. After checking in, take the time to relax and acclimate to the pace of the city.
On the morning of the second day, we journey to Mai Chau, a peaceful valley surrounded by green rice paddies and rolling hills. After checking in at Mai Chau Lodge, take a walking tour or cycle through Pom Coong and Lac villages, home to the Thai ethnic minority. Visit Mo Luong and Chieu caves, marveling at ancient stalactites and stalagmites, and explore the Thai ethnographic museum to learn about the culture and daily life of the Thai people.
End the day with a traditional dance show and a home-hosted dinner featuring local delicacies.
Days 3-4: From Mai Chau to Son La & Dien Bien Phu
Drive to Son La in the early morning, stopping at the vibrant Pa Co Sunday Hill-tribe market and the neighboring village of Sa Linh. Explore the lush Moc Chau Plateau with its tea farms and orchards. After checking in to your hotel in Son La, enjoy free time to explore the town, home to over 30 ethnic minorities.
After breakfast, visit the old French Prison of Son La, where Vietnamese political prisoners were held during the French colonial era. Continue to Dien Bien Phu, stopping for lunch in Tuan Giao and passing through the scenic Pha Din Pass. Upon arrival in Dien Bien Phu, check into your hotel and relax in this historically significant town, famous for the 1954 battle that marked the end of French colonial rule in Indochina.
Days 5-6: Dien Bien Phu to Lai Chau & Sapa
Start your day by visiting the local market to meet the White Thai minority in traditional attire. Then, explore the former French battlefields, including A1 Hill and the War Memorial. Afterward, drive through rugged roads to Lai Chau, stopping at small villages. Check into your hotel and enjoy some leisure time.
After breakfast, embark on a scenic drive to Sapa, passing through Tram Ton Pass and offering breathtaking views of Muong Hoa Valley. Visit Silver Waterfall and briefly hike to the Love Waterfall, nestled in lush forests. Upon arrival in Sapa, check into your hotel and spend the rest of the day at leisure, exploring the town or visiting local landmarks like the Old French Church.
Days 7-8: Bac Ha Sunday Market & Village Trekking
Travel to Bac Ha for its vibrant Sunday market, where locals from various ethnic groups gather to trade goods. Immerse yourself in the colorful atmosphere, where traditional costumes and lively bargaining fill the air. Afterward, visit Trung Do Village and take a boat ride to Bao Nhai Village, returning to Sapa in the evening.
Embark on a 3km trek through stunning landscapes to Suoi Ho village, home to the H’mong minority. Continue to Matra and Ta Phin villages, where you’ll meet Red Dzao families and learn about their unique culture. After a home-cooked lunch, enjoy a relaxing herbal bath before returning to Sapa.
Days 9-10: Mu Cang Chai & Nghia Lo
Travel to Mu Cang Chai, famous for its breathtaking rice terraces. Stop at several ethnic minority villages along the way, such as Muong Khoa and Muong Kim. Upon arrival, check in at Mu Cang Chai Lodge and enjoy a home-hosted lunch in Kim Noi village. Spend the afternoon relaxing at the lodge or exploring the surrounding area.
In the morning, take a trek through Mu Cang Chai’s stunning rice terraces, which cover over 2,200 hectares. Visit local H’mong villages and learn about their way of life. After a picnic lunch, your guide will transfer you to Nghia Lo for your next adventure.
You can explore the Northwest Loop, journeying through Hanoi, Mai Chau, Sapa, and more.
>> See tour: Northwest Vietnam Tour 12 Days
Packing Advice, Transportation Insights, and Cultural Tips for Visiting Northern Vietnam
Northern Vietnam offers diverse landscapes so packing wisely and understanding local transportation options is the key. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you prepare for your trip.
Packing advice for Northern Vietnam
The weather in Northern Vietnam can vary drastically depending on the season and the region. You might need to pack accordingly to ensure you’re prepared for all kinds of conditions.
- Light layers for Hanoi: Hanoi, the capital, experiences a tropical monsoon climate. Summers (May to August) can be hot and humid, with temperatures reaching 32-35°C (90-95°F). However, winters (December to February) can be cold, dipping to 10-15°C (50-59°F). A light jacket and breathable clothes are essential for summer, but you will need a heavier jacket or sweater for winter.
- Trekking gear for Sapa and Ha Giang: Sapa and Ha Giang, with their cooler mountain climates, require good trekking gear. Expect temperatures in the mountains to drop to 5-10°C (41-50°F) in winter, so pack a thermal jacket. Comfortable hiking boots and lightweight, moisture-wicking clothing are also recommended for trekking in the Ha Giang Loop or exploring Fansipan.
- Waterproof gear for Halong Bay: During the wet season (from May to October), Halong Bay can experience heavy rainfall, so waterproof gear is a must. A raincoat, waterproof shoes, and a dry bag for electronics are essential for boat trips.
Transportation Insights for Northern Vietnam
Getting around Northern Vietnam involves a mix of modern and traditional modes of transport, and knowing your options can make your travels much easier.
- Buses and minivans: They are the most common and affordable options for intercity travel. A bus from Hanoi to Sapa costs around VND 250,000-350,000 ($10-15 USD) and takes about 6 hours. The journey to Ninh Binh costs around VND 100,000-150,000 ($4-6 USD) and takes approximately 2 hours.
- Trains to Sapa and Ha Giang: The train from Hanoi to Lao Cai (near Sapa) is a popular option. A one-way ticket in a soft sleeper costs between VND 200,000-500,000 ($9-22 USD), and journey times range from 8 to 9 hours. If you’re heading to Ha Giang, buses are more convenient, with a 5-hour journey costing around VND 150,000 ($6 USD).
- Motorbike rentals: Renting a motorbike is a great way to explore Northern Vietnam, especially the mountainous regions. In Ha Giang, renting a motorbike for the loop costs around VND 200,000-300,000/day ($8-12 USD), and helmets are provided. Just ensure you’re comfortable with driving on narrow mountain roads.
- Boats for Halong Bay: Cruising Halong Bay is one of the best ways to experience its stunning limestone formations. Cruises range from budget to luxury, with prices starting at VND 1.5 million ($60 USD) for a 1-day tour. If you’re staying overnight on a cruise, expect to pay from VND 3 million ($120 USD) for a mid-range option.
>> Read more: Transportation in Vietnam: A Comprehensive Guide for Tourists
Cultural Tips for Northern Vietnam
Being aware of cultural practices can make your trip smoother and more enjoyable.
- Respect for local customs: When visiting temples or ethnic villages, always dress modestly. Cover your shoulders and knees as a sign of respect, especially when entering temples or pagodas. In rural areas like Sapa, ethnic minorities are proud of their culture, and it’s appreciated when visitors ask permission before taking photos.
- Street food etiquette: Northern Vietnam is renowned for its street food, and there are a few unwritten rules to follow. Always greet the vendor with a smile, and try to sit on the small plastic stools at street-side eateries. If you’re trying pho or bun cha, don’t rush—local dining culture often involves sitting for longer periods and enjoying the atmosphere.
- Tipping and bargaining: Tipping isn’t obligatory, but it’s common in tourist areas. For example, leaving 10,000-20,000 VND (about $0.50-1 USD) for a taxi driver or hotel staff is a nice gesture in Hanoi or Sapa. In local markets, bargaining is expected—start by offering about 50-60% of the original price and settle at a fair middle ground.
- Avoiding the cold in Sapa: If you plan on visiting Sapa during the winter, be prepared for cold temperatures and occasional fog. Bring a warm scarf and layered clothing, as the weather can change rapidly. Keep an eye on the weather forecast, as some roads may become impassable during extreme cold or heavy rains.